Cataracts
Cataracts are a common eye condition, mainly affecting the elderly. It is characterized by a progressive opacification of the crystalline lens, the natural lens of the eye, resulting in blurred, dull or cloudy vision. Although it can affect only one eye, it is often present in both.
What causes cataracts?
Cataracts are most often linked to natural aging. With age, the proteins of the crystalline lens can break down and form clusters, making the lens less transparent. Other factors can also accelerate the onset of cataracts, including :
Prolonged exposure to UV rays, diabetes, certain medications such as corticosteroids, eye trauma..., family history... Smoking and excessive alcohol consumption.
How are cataracts diagnosed?
Diagnosis is usually made during an eye examination by an ophthalmologist. Using a slit lamp and other tools, the doctor can observe the condition of the crystalline lens and assess the impact of opacity on vision.
There is currently no drug treatment available to stop or reverse cataracts. When the discomfort becomes severe, surgery is the most effective solution. The opacified crystalline lens is removed and replaced by an artificial lens.
What are the symptoms?
Early signs of cataract are often subtle. Patients may notice:
Blurred vision, as if through a veil ;Increased sensitivity to light ;Difficulty seeing at night ;Frequent need to change glasses ;Colors appear less vivid.
These symptoms evolve slowly, sometimes making detection difficult without regular ophthalmological examination.
